U.S. Route 66

U.S. Route 66

U.S. Route 66: The Mother Road of America

U.S. Route 66, often referred to as “The Mother Road,” is one of the most iconic highways in American history. Stretching over 2,400 miles from Chicago, Illinois, to Santa Monica, California, it served as a vital transportation corridor, a symbol of American freedom, and a cultural touchstone. Though decommissioned as an official U.S. highway in 1985, Route 66 remains a cherished piece of Americana, celebrated for its historical significance, nostalgic charm, and scenic diversity.

This article explores the history, cultural impact, attractions, and legacy of Route 66, offering insights into why it continues to captivate travelers from around the world.

A Brief History of Route 66

Origins and Creation

Route 66 was officially established on November 11, 1926, during the early days of the U.S. Highway System. The highway was designed to connect rural and urban communities across eight states: Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California. The goal was to create a direct route from the Midwest to the Pacific Coast, facilitating commerce and travel.

Engineer Cyrus Avery, often called the “Father of Route 66,” played a crucial role in its development. He envisioned the highway as a way to link remote areas with larger cities, promoting economic growth. Nicknamed “The Main Street of America,” Route 66 quickly became a vital artery for transportation and an essential part of American life.

The Dust Bowl and Migration

During the 1930s, Route 66 gained national prominence as thousands of families, displaced by the Dust Bowl and the Great Depression, used the road to migrate west in search of work and a better life. John Steinbeck famously dubbed it the “Mother Road” in his novel The Grapes of Wrath, capturing the struggles and hopes of these travelers.

Post-War Boom

After World War II, Route 66 saw a surge in traffic as Americans embraced car culture and began exploring the country. The highway became synonymous with road trips, freedom, and adventure. Businesses, including motels, diners, gas stations, and roadside attractions, flourished along the route, creating a unique cultural landscape.

Decline and Decommissioning

The advent of the Interstate Highway System in the 1950s marked the beginning of Route 66’s decline. Modern freeways bypassed many small towns, and segments of the highway were gradually replaced by faster, more efficient routes. By 1985, Route 66 was officially decommissioned, but its legacy endured.

Route 66 Attractions: Highlights from East to West

Driving along Route 66 today offers a journey through American history, culture, and geography. Many sections of the road have been preserved or restored, and countless landmarks pay homage to its heyday.

Illinois: The Starting Point

The journey begins in downtown Chicago at the famous Route 66 Begin sign on Adams Street. Key attractions in Illinois include the Illinois Route 66 Hall of Fame and Museum in Pontiac and the Gemini Giant, a fiberglass “Muffler Man” statue in Wilmington.

Missouri: The Show-Me State

In Missouri, travelers can explore historic landmarks like the Chain of Rocks Bridge near St. Louis, which spans the Mississippi River. The state is also home to Meramec Caverns, a popular roadside attraction and alleged hideout of outlaw Jesse James.

Kansas: The Shortest Stretch

Kansas has the shortest stretch of Route 66, just 13 miles, but it boasts charming stops like the Rainbow Bridge in Baxter Springs and restored service stations that capture the route’s retro vibe.

Oklahoma: The Heart of Route 66

Oklahoma features the longest stretch of Route 66, passing through cities like Tulsa and Oklahoma City. Highlights include the Round Barn in Arcadia and the Blue Whale of Catoosa, a whimsical roadside sculpture.

Texas: The Panhandle

In Texas, the route cuts through the Panhandle, where travelers can visit quirky attractions like the Cadillac Ranch, an art installation featuring half-buried cars, and The Big Texan Steak Ranch, famous for its 72-ounce steak challenge.

New Mexico: Land of Enchantment

New Mexico offers stunning desert landscapes and cultural sites, such as the Pueblo of Acoma and the historic towns of Santa Fe and Albuquerque. The El Rancho Hotel in Gallup, a favorite of Hollywood stars, captures the spirit of the Old West.

Arizona: Land of Natural Wonders

Arizona’s Route 66 takes travelers through iconic locations like Meteor Crater, the Petrified Forest National Park, and the small town of Winslow, made famous by the Eagles’ song “Take It Easy.” The town of Seligman is a hub for Route 66 nostalgia, featuring vintage diners and memorabilia shops.

California: The Final Stretch

The journey concludes in California, with highlights including the historic Route 66 Museum in Barstow, the desert ghost town of Amboy, and the Santa Monica Pier, where a sign marks the “End of the Trail.”

Cultural Impact of Route 66

Route 66 has left an indelible mark on American culture, inspiring countless songs, movies, and books. The highway became a symbol of freedom and exploration, celebrated in the classic song “(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66” by Bobby Troup and featured in TV shows like Route 66. Its roadside architecture, neon signs, and vintage cars evoke nostalgia for a bygone era.

The route also played a role in shaping America’s identity, connecting diverse communities and fostering economic growth. It became a cultural melting pot, reflecting the nation’s evolving history and values.

Preservation and Revival

Despite its decommissioning, Route 66 has experienced a revival thanks to preservation efforts by local communities, organizations, and enthusiasts. The Route 66 Corridor Preservation Program, established by the National Park Service, supports projects to restore historic sites and promote tourism.

In 2018, Congress designated Route 66 as a National Historic Trail, further recognizing its historical significance. Travelers today can explore preserved segments, visit museums, and participate in annual festivals celebrating the highway’s legacy.

Tips for Exploring Route 66

1. Plan Your Route: While much of the original road remains intact, some sections have been replaced by interstates. A detailed map or GPS guide can help you navigate.
2. Allow Time for Stops: The charm of Route 66 lies in its attractions, so budget time to explore museums, diners, and roadside landmarks.
3. Travel Seasonally: Spring and fall offer mild weather, making them ideal for road trips. Summer can be hot, especially in desert regions.

Legacy of Route 66

Route 66 is more than a road; it’s a journey through the American spirit. It represents the dreams of those who sought a better life, the innovation of a nation on the move, and the enduring appeal of the open road. As travelers continue to retrace its path, Route 66 remains a timeless symbol of adventure, freedom, and the pursuit of happiness.